Ο φετινός Ιούλιος ήταν ο πιο θερμός μήνας από το 1880

Ο Ιούλιος του 2016 υπήρξε ο πιο θερμός μήνας στην καταγεγραμμένη μετεωρολογική ιστορία μετά το 1880, σύμφωνα με τα στοιχεία της Αμερικανικής Διαστημικής Υπηρεσίας (NASA).

21st century ‘hottest’ on record as global warming continues, UN agency warns

UN, 2 February 2015 – Devastating weather patterns and increasing temperatures will last into the foreseeable future as global warming is expected to continue, the United Nations World Meteorological Organization (WMO) confirmed today as it explained that 2014’s ranking as the “hottest year on record” is part of a larger climate trend.

“The overall warming trend is more important than the ranking of an individual year,” WMO Secretary-General Michel Jarraud clarified today in a press release. “Analysis of the datasets indicates that 2014 was nominally the warmest on record, although there is very little difference between the three hottest years.”

High sea temperatures, the UN agency has said, have contributed to exceptionally heavy rainfall and floods in many countries and extreme drought in others. Twelve major Atlantic storms battered the United Kingdom in early months of 2014, while floods devastated much of the Balkans throughout May. The monthly precipitation over the Pacific side of western Japan for August 2014, meanwhile, was 301 per cent above normal – the highest since area-averaged statistics began in 1946.

At the same time, crippling droughts have struck large swathes of the continental United States while Northeast China and parts of the Yellow River basin did not reach half of the summer average, causing severe drought.

The diverse climate impact which afflicted nations around the planet throughout 2014 were, in fact, consistent with the expectation of a changing climate, Mr. Jarraud continued.
In addition, he warned that 14 of the 15 hottest years recorded have all been in the 21st century, adding the UN agency’s expectation that global warming would continue “given that rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the increasing heat content of the oceans are committing us to a warmer future.”

Around 93 per cent of the excess energy trapped in the atmosphere by greenhouse gases from fossil fuels and other human activities ends up in the oceans, the WMO press release noted, as it pointed out that global sea-surface temperatures had reached “record levels” in 2014, even in the absence of a “fully developed El Niño” weather pattern. 

High temperatures in 1998 – the hottest year before the 21st century – occurred during a strong El Niño year.

The WMO has released its latest findings regarding its global temperature analysis in advance of climate change negotiations scheduled to be held in Geneva from 8 to 13 February. 

These talks are expected to help pave the way towards the December 2015 conference scheduled in Paris, France, where a new universal UN-backed treaty on climate change will be adopted.
  [un.org]
2/2/15

California Experiencing Most Severe Drought Ever Recorded

One of the worst North American droughts in history could be getting a whole lot worse. According to the latest U.S. Drought Monitor Map released on Tuesday, more than 58 percent of California is in an “exceptional drought” stage. That’s up a staggering 22 percent from last week’s report. And, in its latest drought report released earlier today, the National Drought Mitigation Center warned that “bone-dry” conditions are overtaking much of the Golden State, and noted that, overall, California is “short more than one year’s worth of reservoir water, or 11.6 million acre-feet, for this time of year.”

All across California, streams are drying up, crops are dying off and local communities are struggling to maintain access to water, thanks to 3 years of persistent drought conditions. 
The situation is so dire that on Tuesday, California implemented state-wide emergency water-conservation measures, in an effort preserved what remaining water there is. Under the new measures, Californians can face fines of up to $500 per day for using hoses to clean sidewalks, run decorative fountains, and other water-guzzling activities.
Unfortunately, while the situation in California is already pretty bleak, it looks like things are only going to get worse. In fact, it’s possible that all of the American southwest could soon be seeing the devastating drought conditions that Californians are facing. That’s because the largest surge of heat ever recorded moving west to east in the Pacific Ocean, often referred to as a Kelvin Wave, which was supposed to start an El Nino and bring tropical-like rains to the West Coast and southwest, just dissipated, after it was absorbed by abnormally warm ocean waters.

An El Nino is marked by the prolonged warming of Pacific Ocean surface temperatures, when compared to the average temperature. El Ninos usually happen every two to seven years, and can last anywhere between nine months and two years. As warm water spreads from the western Pacific and the Indian Ocean to the eastern Pacific, it brings rain and moisture with it, bringing rain to California and the American Southwest. 
So, during an El Nino period, winters are often a lot wetter than usual in the southwest U.S., including in central and southern California, where drought conditions are currently the worst. That’s why Californians were hoping for a strong El Nino period, to bring the rains and moisture that’s needed to help ease the drought.

Unfortunately, while some weather models are still predicting that an El Nino is possible, the chances of an El Nino strong enough to break the devastating drought that California is seeing are now very, very slim. As a result, there’s probably no end in sight to the current drought conditions in California. And, since warm ocean waters that bring rain are moving farther north up the Pacific, while Oregon and Washington and Alaska will get rain, the jet stream is set to extend drought-like conditions to much of the southwest.......................................ecowatch.com
1/8/14

Προειδοποίηση για εκδήλωση Ελ Νίνιο (ΜΕ ΞΗΡΑΣΙΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΛΗΜΜΥΡΕΣ)

Για τον κίνδυνο εκδήλωσης ενός σοβαρού μετεωρολογικού φαινομένου Ελ Νίνιο, με ξηρασίες και πλημμύρες προειδοποίησε ο Παγκόσμιος Οργανισμός Μετεωρολογίας.

«Ο κόσμος πρέπει να προετοιμαστεί για μια νέα εκδήλωση του Ελ Νίνιο, καθώς η πιθανότητα ανάπτυξής του ανέρχεται σε 60% τον Ιούνιο και τον Αύγουστο και σε 75% με 80% για την περίοδο Οκτωβρίου-Δεκεμβρίου», επισημαίνεται στο ενημερωτικό δελτίο του οργανισμού του ΟΗΕ.

«Πολλές κυβερνήσεις έχουν ήδη αρχίσει να προετοιμάζονται για την έλευση του Ελ Νίνιο», προσθέτει ο διεθνής οργανισμός που διευκρινίζει, ωστόσο, ότι το φαινόμενο θα έχει μάλλον «μέτρια» ένταση, και όχι «ασθενή», ούτε «ισχυρή».

Σε συνέντευξη Τύπου σήμερα στη Γενεύη, οι ειδικοί του Παγκόσμιου Οργανισμού Μετεωρολογίας δήλωσαν ότι ακόμη είναι πολύ νωρίς να πουν ποιες περιοχές στον κόσμο θα πληγούν και από ποιο φαινόμενο, αν αυτό είναι ξηρασία, σφοδρές βροχοπτώσεις ή πλημμύρες.

«Θα γνωρίζουμε περίπου τον Αύγουστο», δήλωσε ο δρ. Ρούπα Κουμάρ Κόλι, υπεύθυνος του τμήματος για το παγκόσμιο κλίμα του οργανισμού, προσθέτοντας ότι η πρόβλεψη για την εκδήλωση του Ελ Νίνιο δεν έχει οριστικοποιηθεί πλήρως, καθώς μένει να συνυπολογιστούν ατμοσφαιρικά δεδομένα, για να επιβεβαιωθεί η έλευσή του.
http://www.elzoni.gr/html/ent/161/ent.46161.asp
28/6/14
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ΣΧΕΤΙΚΑ:

• Australia experiences its hottest two years on record

• Global food prices hit 10 month high due to weather

Australia experiences its hottest two years on record

AUSTRALIA — May 2012 to April 2014 was the hottest 24-month period ever recorded in Australia, but that is likely to be eclipsed by the two years between June 2012 and May 2014, according to the Climate Commission’s latest report, Abnormal Autumn.
“We have just had an abnormally warm autumn, off the back of another very hot ‘angry summer’,” Professor Will Steffen of the Climate Council said.

“The past two-year period has delivered the hottest average temperature we have ever recorded in Australia.

“Climate change is here, it’s happening, and Australians are already feeling its impact.”
The average temperature across Australia in April was 1.11°C above the long-term average, the report says, citing Bureau of Meteorology figures.

The average minimum temperature was 1.31°C above normal.
Unseasonable temperatures in the autumn “warm wave” set records, with Sydney, Adelaide and Melbourne setting benchmarks for the consecutive number of May days when the mercury reached 20°C or higher.

In its report, the Climate Council says the abnormally warm weather in April and May “are part of a longer-term trend towards hotter conditions in the summer months and more warm spells in autumn and winter”.
It says each of the 12-month periods ending in January, February, March and April this year have been record warm periods for Australia, with May figures on track to also be a new high.
“Such records are consistent with the ongoing global and Australia-wide, multi-decadal trends towards a hotter climate,” the report says.
Meteorologists predict a high likelihood that Australia will experience an El Niño event — characterised by below-average rainfall in the east and south — in coming months.
The Climate Council says an El Niño could worsen the impact of climate change, leading to hotter, drier weather.
The Climate Council is a crowd-funded, independent organisation created by the members of the former Climate Commission, which was axed by the Coalition government when it came to power in 2013. GUARDIAN
[todayonline.com]
2/6/14
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• 'Catastrophic': Hundreds of wildfires rage in Australia amid record heat wave (VIDEO, PHOTOS RT)