Εμφάνιση αναρτήσεων με ετικέτα cosmos. Εμφάνιση όλων των αναρτήσεων
Εμφάνιση αναρτήσεων με ετικέτα cosmos. Εμφάνιση όλων των αναρτήσεων

Πέμπτη 19 Φεβρουαρίου 2015

Over 100 tons of space junk fell on Earth in 2014 (NASA)

More than 600 non-operating satellites, used-up stages of rockets and other pieces of space vehicles burnt last year reentering the atmosphere.

According to the American weekly newspaper Space News, the data was reported by NASA to the UN Committee on the peaceful uses of outer space, where the space junk disposition was discussed. 

Specialists estimate that last year's space junk fall was more intense than usual because of high solar activity which raised the atmosphere boundary and made a part of space junk from low orbits approach the Earth’s surface.

According to experts the overall weight of the space junk that entered atmosphere is over 100 tons. It is impossible to find out how many pieces have reached the earth having crossed the dense atmosphere, but it is known that no one suffered from the phenomenon.

According to NASA experts, after the space junk fall the space has become cleaner. They claim that there are fewer 10-cm objects classified as space junk. Meanwhile, the weight of used-up satellites and pieces of orbital platforms has increased from 5 to 6.5 thousand tons over the last 10 years.

Specialists offer different ways of space junk disposition, even such exotic ones as special orbital “vacuum cleaners”. At the same time almost everybody agrees that it is most important for all countries to abide by the rules of the spacecraft usage.
  http://tass.ru/en/non-political/778607
19/2/15
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Κυριακή 15 Φεβρουαρίου 2015

European last ATV-type cargo supply spacecraft sunk in Pacific

Fragments of the European final cargo supply spaceship of the ATV series, Georges Lemaitre, that undocked from the International Space Station (ISS) on Saturday have sunk in the Pacific, a spokesman for the European Space Agency told TASS on Sunday.
"The spaceship’s elements sunk in an unnavigable section of the Pacific," the spokesman said, adding that the ship had been docked to the ISS since August 2014.

The European unmanned cargo resupply spacecraft Georges Lemaitre is the final cargo supply spaceship of the ATV /Automated Transfer Vehicle/ series. The first one, the Jules Verne, was launched to the ISS in 2008. Along with Russia’s Progress spacecraft, ATV-type spaceships were capable of docking to the ISS in an automated mode. Other spacecraft are docked with the help of automated manipulator.

The European Space Agency has spent about 2.5 billion euro to fiance the ATV spacecraft project, which gave jobs to 3,000 people and about 300 companies and research institutions, including Russian. Each spaceship cost some 450 million euro.

The European Space Agency however plans to use ATV project technologies in other projects. Thus, they will be used at NASA’s manned Orion spaceship due to be blasted off in 2017. Europeans will supply engine units, electric power, water and air supply systems.

It is not ruled out that the European Space Agency will use ATV technologies to build an automated space garbage collector.
  • From now on, Russian-made Progress cargo supply spacecraft and spaceships of U.S. private companies - SpaceX’s Dragon and Orbital Sciences’ Cygnus - will be used to deliver cargos to the International Space Station.
The next launch of a Progress ship to the International Space Station is scheduled for February 17 from the Baikonur space centre.
  http://tass.ru/en/non-political/777761
15/2/15
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Τετάρτη 11 Φεβρουαρίου 2015

Le cargo américain Dragon se sépare de l'ISS (video)

Le cargo privé Dragon s'est séparé mardi à 19h10 UTC du module américain Harmony de la Station spatiale internationale (ISS), a annoncé la NASA.


Le vaisseau de transport tombera dans le Pacifique, à l'ouest de la Californie, six heures plus tard, mercredi vers 00h44 UTC, ramenant sur Terre 1,5 tonne de fret, principalement des résultats d'expériences scientifiques réalisées en orbite.

Dragon a décollé le 10 janvier dernier. Il s'est arrimé à l'ISS deux jours plus tard, transportant plus de 2 tonnes de fret en orbite.

Le cargo Dragon est actuellement le seul vaisseau spatial capable de ramener des cargaisons sur Terre. Il s'agit du cinquième des douze vols prévus par un contrat passé entre la société américaine SpaceX, conceptrice de la capsule Dragon, et la NASA en décembre 2008.

Le premier vol commercial d'un Dragon s'est officiellement tenu en octobre 2012. En mai 2012, ce vaisseau de transport est devenu le premier cargo privé à s'arrimer à l'ISS.
[sputniknews.com]
10/2/15
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Κυριακή 25 Ιανουαρίου 2015

Mountain-Sized, 500-Meter-Wide Asteroid to Whizz By Earth on Monday

An asteroid, designated 2004 BL86, is set to pass near Earth on Monday, according to NASA.

The 500-meter-wide rock may seem apocalyptic in size, but thankfully it will pass no closer than 1.2 million kilometers of our planet — about three times the distance between Earth and the moon. The agency says it will provide a rare opportunity to get a good look at a near-Earth asteroid.
The next chance will come in 2027, when asteroid 1999 AN10 will fly past Earth.

Due to its orbit around the sun, the asteroid is currently only visible by astronomers with large telescopes who are located in the southern hemisphere.

However, by January 26, its changing position will make it visible to in the northern hemisphere.

"Monday, January 26 will be the closest asteroid 2004 BL86 will get to Earth for at least the next 200 years," Don Yeomans, who is retiring as manager of NASA's Near Earth Object Program Office at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California is quoted as saying in a statement on NASA’s website.

"And while it poses no threat to Earth for the foreseeable future, it's a relatively close approach by a relatively large asteroid, so it provides us a unique opportunity to observe and learn more."

The scientists plan to track the fast-moving space rock using the 230-foot (70 m) dish-shaped Goldstone antenna at NASA's Deep Space Network in California, as well as the 1,000-foot (305 m) Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico. These radio dishes will beam microwave signals at the asteroid, which will then bounce off the target and return to Earth.

"When we get our radar data back the day after the flyby, we will have the first detailed images," said radar astronomer Lance Benner of the JPL, the principal investigator handling the Goldstone radar observations of the asteroid. "At present, we know almost nothing about the asteroid, so there are bound to be surprises."

Asteroid 2004 BL86 was initially discovered on January 30, 2004 by a telescope from the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) survey in White Sands, New Mexico.

The asteroid is expected to be observable to amateur astronomers with small telescopes and strong binoculars.
  http://sputniknews.com/science/20150125/1017328213.html
25/1/15
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Δευτέρα 12 Ιανουαρίου 2015

SpaceX's Dragon spacecraft arrives at space station

The unmanned Dragon capsule owned by private U.S. firm SpaceX arrived at the International Space Station (ISS) on Monday morning for its fifth commercial resupply mission to the orbiting laboratory, U.S. space agency NASA said.

The spacecraft was successfully captured by a robotic arm operated by U.S. astronaut Barry Wilmore inside the ISS at 5:54 a.m. EDT (1054 GMT), 18 minutes ahead of schedule, as the two flew over the Mediterranean Sea, NASA said.

Dragon, which was launched aboard a Falcon 9 rocket on Saturday, carried about 2.5 tons of supplies and payloads, including materials to support 256 scientific experiments in space.

The scientific payloads included an instrument that will evaluate the clouds and tiny particles in the Earth's atmosphere to potentially decipher important clues for climate change and aid in weather forecasting on the Earth.

The spacecraft is also loaded with several biological experiments that will take advantage of the microgravity environment unavailable on the Earth to advance medical knowledge.

  • One of the projects will study fruit flies' immune systems as a model for the human immune system, to explore how spaceflight can make organisms more susceptible to disease, especially since microbes can become more virulent in space.
  • Another project will grow proteins inside a 10-centimeter cube in weightlessness to research a suspected cause of Alzheimer's and similar brain ailments in people.

Dragon will remain connected to the ISS for more than four weeks before departing for a parachute-assisted splashdown off the coast of California.

This is the fifth operational cargo delivery mission for SpaceX to the ISS. The company's 1.6-billion-U.S.-dollar contract with NASA requires at least a dozen cargo delivery flights in all.

Besides SpaceX, NASA has also signed a deal with another private company called Orbital Sciences Corp. to supply cargo to the ISS.

Orbital's first two flights went smoothly, but the third failed when the company's Antares rocket exploded seconds after liftoff in late October. 
 Xinhua - china.org.cn
12/1/15
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Σάββατο 10 Ιανουαρίου 2015

US Dragon Spacecraft Blasts Off to ISS, Falcon 9 Rocket Landing Fails

The US spacecraft Dragon with 1.6 tons of supplies for the International Space Station (ISS) was successfully launched Saturday from Cape Canaveral in Florida, NASA said on its website.

The Dragon spacecraft was brought into the orbit by the Falcon 9 carrier-rocket. After completing the task, the first stage of the carrier-rocket was expected to land on a huge platform installed in the ocean off the coast of Florida.
According to US media reports, Falcon 9 crashed into the platform and broke into pieces, making it impossible to use the rocket in the future.

  • The first stage of SpaceX's Flacon 9 rocket failed to make a soft landing at the ocean platform after separating from the spacecraft Dragon, chief executive of SpaceX private developer said Saturday.

"Rocket made it to drone spaceport ship, but landed hard. Close, but no cigar this time. Bodes well for the future tho. Ship itself is fine. Some of the support equipment on the deck will need to be replaced," Elon Musk said via Twitter.
Musk earlier stated that in case of successful landing, his company would be able to use the rocket's booster stage multiple times, which would change the economics of space flights completely.....................http://sputniknews.com/science/20150110/1016737710.html
10/1/15
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Τρίτη 6 Ιανουαρίου 2015

Launch of Dragon supply ship to ISS postponed due to bad weather (NASA)

The launch of the American resupply spaceship Dragon to the International Space Station (ISS) has been postponed due to the bad weather conditions.

“Launch of SpaceX's fifth resupply mission to the International Space Station from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida was scrubbed for this morning,” NASA reported on Tuesday. Cargo on board the Dragon spacecraft includes supplies, science investigations and NASA's CATS instrument.

Another launch attempt will be made at 05:09 am, local time (13:09, Moscow time) on Friday.

The Dragon spaceship marks SpaceX’s fifth resupply mission to the ISS under a $1.6 billion contract with NASA to deliver 20,000 kg (44,000 pounds) of cargo to the station during a dozen Dragon cargo spacecraft flights through 2016 under NASA’s Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) contract.

The unmanned cargo freighter is loaded with more than 5108 pounds (2317 kg) of scientific experiments, technology demonstrations, crew supplies, spare parts, food, water, clothing and assorted research gear for the space station.
[itar-tass.com]
6/1/15
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Τρίτη 23 Δεκεμβρίου 2014

Russia launches new heavy-class Angara space rocket


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Russia successfully carried out the first test launch of a newest heavy-class Angara A5 rocket on Tuesday.

The rocket was launched at Plesetsk cosmodrome in Russia's northern Arkhangelsk region at 08:57 a.m. Moscow Time (0557 GMT), according to the Defense Ministry press service.


Twelve minutes after the liftoff, the orbiting payload model separated from the third stage.

The Briz-M upper stage would carry the model to the target orbit for payload weight and dimension tests, said the press service.

Russian President Vladimir Putin watched the rocket launch via video.

"This is indeed a great and very important event for our aerospace industry and for Russia in general," Putin said later.

The president added that the Angara A5, using the most advanced technologies, will help place any type of satellites into orbit, for either military or scientific purposes.

"(These satellites) are intended for missile attack early-warning systems, intelligence use, navigation, as well as communications and rebroadcast. It will allow us to further consolidate Russia's security," Interfax news agency quoted Putin as saying.

Angara A5 can be placed into orbit with a payload of 1.5 to 35 tons. The first manned mission using Angara is planned for 2018 from the newly built Vostochny cosmodrome in the Amur region in Russia's Fast East.

Investment in the Angara project has exceeded 3 billion US dollars over the last 20 years.
 Source: Xinhua- globaltimes.cn
23/12/14
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Location: Plesetsk, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia

Τετάρτη 19 Νοεμβρίου 2014

Russia first among space junk producers (report)

Russia is occupying a confident first place as the producer of space rubbish orbiting the Earth, says a report published by the Central Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering, a subsidiary of the Russian Space Agency Roscosmos.

Of the 15,900 or so orbital objects classified as space junk, about 6.300 objects were left over by Russia, it says.
All in all, a total of 17,000 manmade objects were orbiting the Earth on October 31, 2014, experts of the institute's ballistic center say. Only 1,300 objects in that number are active-duty space probes.

The rest of objects - carrier rockets, non-operating satellites and debris of various other vehicles - belong to the category of space junk.
  • “Among the active-duty probes, the US grouping consisting of 427 items is the biggest,” the report says. “Russia has 129 probes and China has 123.”
The US has left over 4,570 objects in orbit and China has left about 3,660 objects. http://en.itar-tass.com/non-political/760610
19/11/14
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Παρασκευή 14 Νοεμβρίου 2014

Philae may not have energy to send results to Earth, says ESA

Europe's robot lab Philae may not have enough power to send to Earth the results of today's drill into the surface of its host comet, mission scientists have said.

"We are not sure there is enough energy so that we can transmit" the data, lander manager Stephan Ulamec said at a press conference webcast from European Space Agency (ESA) ground control in Germany.
Scientists are to decide whether to try a risky drilling procedure to enable an exploration probe to examine samples from the surface of a comet before its batteries run out.

The probe on Wednesday floated away from its planned landing site after harpoons designed to hold it down on the comet failed to deploy.
It is now resting precariously on two out of three legs in the shadow of a cliff on the comet.
  • The lack of light means the probe, dubbed Philae, would not draw sufficient energy to operate on its solar panels as hoped once its batteries run out.
  • The ESA team are also uncertain of its exact position, making it difficult to "hop" the probe into a better position using its landing gear.
The probe was supposed to drill into the surface of the celestial body after landing, but its unstable position and the comet's weak gravitational pull means there is a risk it could bounce off if the drill is deployed.
Despite the landing setbacks, the mission has achieved many breakthroughs, including the first time a spacecraft has followed a comet rather than just whizzing past and the first time a probe has landed on a comet.
Comets are of interest to scientists because they are remnants from the formation of our solar system, over 4.6 billion years ago.
These masses of ice and rock have preserved ancient organic molecules like a time capsule and may provide insight into how planets and life evolved.
Even if Philae is unable to drill into the surface to analyse samples, the Rosetta spacecraft will follow the comet until at least the end of 2015, even as it passes closest to the sun on its orbit.
[http://www.rte.ie]
14/11/1
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Τετάρτη 12 Νοεμβρίου 2014

The Rosetta comet landing has made history (Space probe, Philae, reaches comet’s surface first time in history)

After 10 years of hard work and one nerve-wracking night, the Rosetta mission has made history by landing on the surface of a comet.

The lander Philae was confirmed to touch down on the surface of the comet more than 300 million miles away at 11:05 a.m. Eastern. Now, scientists expect it to send a panoramic image home and begin analyzing the comet for scientists back on Earth.

Philae is already transmitting scientific data back home, but we're still waiting to see whether the probe is in a stable position. Until we know it's anchored tight, it could roll onto its back and never get back up.

Tensions were high in the European Space Agency's German mission control center, especially as the landing window approached. Because the comet that Philae landed on is so far from Earth, there's a communications delay of 28 minutes. So as the minutes ticked by, the Rosetta team knew that Philae had already either landed or failed — and there was nothing they could do but wait for the data to reach them. Those following the video online were nearly as desperate for news, and Twitter became a sounding chamber of anticipation and excitement.

But a few minutes after 11 a.m., the stern, cautious expressions of the mission control team melted into smiles. And just like that, the world swiveled from anxiety to elation: Philae was on the surface of the comet and ready to do some science.
 [washingtonpost.com]
12/11/14
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For the first time in the history of space exploration a research probe has reached the surface of a comet.
The robotic lander Philae of the European Space Agency separated from the spacecraft Rosetta and landed on the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko 500 million kilometers away from the Earth.
Philae separated from the Rosetta spacecraft at 11:35 Moscow time.

 The journey from Rosetta to the comet’s surface lasted about seven hours.

Rosetta and Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, which was discovered in 1969 by Soviet astronomers Klim Churyumov and Svetlana Gerasimenko, now lie about half way between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars, rushing towards the inner Solar System at nearly 55,000 kilometers per hour, the ESA said.
Rosetta will follow the comet for more than a year to provide a detailed scientific study of the Solar System body.
[en.itar-tass.com]
12/11/14
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Δευτέρα 10 Νοεμβρίου 2014

Επέστρεψε στη γη μετά από 165 μέρες στο διάστημα

Με απόλυτη επιτυχία έγινε νωρίς το πρωί η προσγείωση του γερμανού αστροναύτη Α. Γκερστ μετά από 165 μέρες στον διεθνή διαστημικό σταθμό ISS. Έκανε πολλά χρήσιμα πειράματα σε πολλούς τομείς, στην υπηρεσία του ανθρώπου...

Η επιστροφή του γερμανού αστροναύτη Αλεξάντερ Γκερστ από το διάστημα συνέπεσε χρονικά με τη φαντασμαγορική λήξη των εορτασμών για τα 25χρονα από την πτώση του Τείχους. Το ρωσικό διαστημικό σκάφος Σογιούζ προσγειώθηκε χωρίς κανένα πρόβλημα στις στέπες του Καζαχστάν και ο 38χρονος αναμένεται το απόγευμα στην Κολωνία για να υποβληθεί σε ιατρικές εξετάσεις.

«Να τον επαναφέρουμε σε συνθήκες γης»
«Ανακούφιση» ήταν το πρώτο συναίσθημα του Γιοχάνες - Ντίτριχ Βέρνερ, προέδρου του ΔΣ του Γερμανικού Κέντρου Διαστημοπλοΐας. «Η διαδικασία προσγείωσης, όσο κι αν περιγράφεται με χαλαρούς τόνους, κρύβει πολλούς κινδύνους. Καταρχήν, το σκάφος θα πρέπει να μπει από τη σωστή γωνία στην ατμόσφαιρα της γης, το αλεξίπτωτο θα πρέπει να ανοίξει και στο τέλος να λειτουργήσει το σύστημα φρένων. Δεν είναι κάτι το αυτονόητο και γι'αυτό το λόγο αυτή τη στιγμή πρυτανεύει το αίσθημα ανακούφισης».
Οι ιατρικές εξετάσεις στην Κολωνία είναι το επόμενο υποχρεωτικό βήμα για τον γερμανό αστροναύτη, που θα γίνει στο ειδικό ερευνητικό εργαστήριο Envihab. «Ο Αλεξάντρερ Γκερστ έκανε πολλά πειράματα στο Διεθνή Διαστημικό Σταθμό, ιδιαίτερα στο θέμα της γήρανσης του δέρματος και των οστών. Τα πειράματα έγιναν πιο γρήγορα στο διάστημα και γι' αυτό υπάρχει ανησυχία για τον ίδιο τον αστροναύτη. Τώρα θα πρέπει να τον επαναφέρουμε σταδιακά σε συνθήκες βαρύτητας της γης. Φανταστείτε ότι επί 6 μήνες το κεφάλι του ήταν πιο χαμηλά από το σώμα του λόγω έλλειψης βαρύτητας στο διάστημα, θα πρέπει να επαναφέρουμε το σώμα σε συνθήκες γης, να παρακολουθήσουμε τη λειτουργία του για να εξασφαλίσουμε την υγεία του και μελλοντικά».
Η επιστήμη στην υπηρεσία των ανθρώπων
Τα συναισθήματα είναι η μια πλευρά του νομίσματος, η άλλη είναι η επιστήμη και το ερώτημα εάν μπορεί να επωφεληθεί από τα πειράματα εκτός από την επιστήμη και ο άνθρωπος. «Καταρχήν ελπίζω ότι η επιστήμη θα πάντα είναι αρωγός του ανθρώπου» υποστηρίζει Γιοχάνες-Ντίτριχ Βέρνερ. «Αλλά στο διεθνή διαστημικό σταθμό ο Αλεξάντερ Γκερστ έκανε πειράματα που βοηθούν τον άνθρωπο στη γη. Για παράδειγμα η ρύθμιση της αρτηριακής πίεσης είναι ένα θέμα που απασχολεί πολλούς και που υπό συνθήκες έλλειψης βαρύτητας τα πειράματα έχουν μεγάλη αξία. Ή το ανοσοποιητικό σύστημα. Εμείς στη γη γνωρίζουμε ότι έχουμε δύο μεγάλα προβλήματα γι' αυτό. Από τη μια μπορεί να είναι εξασθενημένο και το ονομάζουμε AIDS, και από την άλλη μπορεί να είναι πολύ ισχυρό, κάτι που συμβαίνει σε μεταμοσχεύσεις. Στο διάστημα το ανοσοποιητικό σύστημα αντιδρά διαφορετικά και οι επιστήμονες έχουν τη δυνατότητα να βγάλουν συμπεράσματα. Κι αυτό μπορεί να βοηθήσει άμεσα τους ανθρώπους στη γη».
Πηγή: Deutsche Welle
[ethnos.gr]
10/11/14
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Κυριακή 9 Νοεμβρίου 2014

Defunct Soviet satellite plunges into Pacific (Russian Air Defense)

A defunct Soviet satellite has left the Earth's orbit, disintegrated and plunged into the Pacific as anticipated by the Russian Air Defense Forces, its spokesperson said Saturday.

"According to the Center for Space Monitoring at the Main Center for the Missile and Space Defense, the fragments of the space object left the orbit at 2:52 p.m. MSK [11:52 GMT] on November 8, 2014 over the Pacific Ocean," Col. Alexei Zolotukhin, a spokesperson for Russia's Aerospace Defense Forces said.

The satellite, identified as Kosmos-1441, was expected to make a comeback in early November, together with another obsolete Soviet satellite which veered off the course and plunged into the Caribbean Sea on October 29.

Kosmos-1441 was put into orbit on February 16, 1983 and stopped operation the next year.   
  • In 2009, another decommissioned Kosmos satellite collided with a US Iridium telecom satellite in the first ever high-speed crash between two man-made objects in space.
indian.ruvr.ru
8/11/14
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Δευτέρα 20 Οκτωβρίου 2014

Scientists develop new technique of orbiter defense from space debris

A new computer model that will help the scientists to increase orbiter defense from clashing with space junk has been developed in Ireland. The researchers from the country’s oldest university Trinity College reported that “new mathematical methods will help predict emergencies in terrestrial space”. 

According to one of the project initiators, Computer Science School Professor of Statistics, Simon Wilson, due to development in IT sphere they also managed to create new tools that will calculate more accurately impact points of satellite parts that didn’t burn in dense atmosphere.
“Particularly, we are now able to calculate with higher probability whether objects in dense atmosphere will burn or not,” he pointed out. Other details will be kept secret until researchers get international patent. It is known that European Space Agency is interested in the invention.

The main challenge that experts from Trinity College face is not to let the most pessimistic scenario of the Hollywood blockbuster “Gravity”, which came out in 2013, materialize. The plot of the movie describes how all crew members of shuttle “Columbia” die during the routine mission in space exactly because of the collision of spaceship with extraneous objects.

Experts estimate that total weight of space junk exceeds 100,000 tons nowadays.
This entails satellite fragments, rocket stages, inactive spacecrafts and its pieces. All this debris gradually moves on lower orbits, posing a danger for manned missions.
en.itar-tass.com
20/10/14
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Οι νεκροί Έλληνες στα μακεδονικά χώματα σάς κοιτούν με οργή

«Παριστάνετε τα "καλά παιδιά" ελπίζοντας στη στήριξη του διεθνή παράγοντα για να παραμείνετε στην εξουσία», ήταν η κατηγορία πο...